| Source | Type | Where | What it offers |
|---|---|---|---|
| SAFE (Security Action for Europe) | EU loans to member states | EU, with some third countries in joint procurement | Up to €150bn of long-term loans to member states for defence procurement, mainly common procurement. |
| European Defence Fund | EU grants | EU and Norway | Grants for collaborative defence research and capability development, about €1bn a year in recent calls. |
| European Investment Bank | Public bank loans | EU | Direct loans for security and defence projects and loans through commercial banks for defence SMEs. |
| Office of Strategic Capital (US Department of Defense) | Federal loans | United States | Direct loans for critical technologies and the defence supply chain, such as critical minerals, magnets, semiconductors and drones. |
| UK Export Finance | Export credit agency | United Kingdom | Guarantees, insurance and direct loans for overseas buyers of UK defence exports. |
| Korea Eximbank and K-SURE | Export credit agencies | South Korea, for buyers worldwide | Loans, guarantees and insurance for buyers of Korean defence equipment, most visibly Poland's K2 tanks. |
| BGK and Poland's Armed Forces Support Fund | State development bank | Poland | Bonds and loans raised by Poland's state development bank to fund defence purchases off the central budget. |
| NATO Innovation Fund | Venture capital | 24 NATO Allies | Equity for deep tech, dual-use companies from seed to Series B, directly and through other funds. |
| National Security Strategic Investment Fund (UK) | Government venture capital | United Kingdom | Equity in advanced and dual-use technology companies relevant to national security. |
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General information on public documents and law as at 28 Oct 2026, not legal advice on any transaction. Filed wording is quoted from the public document linked to it.